How do ionic compounds behave in their solid state regarding electrical conductivity?

Ionic compounds in their solid state do not conduct electricity. This behavior is primarily due to the structure of ionic compounds, which consist of a lattice of positively and negatively charged ions held together by strong electrostatic forces. In a solid, these ions are fixed in place and are not free to move.

Electrical conductivity requires the movement of charged particles; since the ions in a solid ionic compound are not mobile, the compound cannot conduct electricity. When ionic compounds are dissolved in water or melted, the lattice breaks down, releasing the ions into solution or allowing them to move freely. In these states, ionic compounds can conduct electricity due to the mobility of the ions.