What is polymerization?

Polymerization is defined as the process of creating a polymer from monomers, which are small, repeating units. During polymerization, these monomers chemically bond together to form a larger, more complex structure known as a polymer. This process is fundamental in the production of many materials, including plastics, rubber, and fibers, which are crucial in various industries.

In the context of the other options, the first choice describes decomposition, which is the opposite of polymerization, as it involves breaking down larger molecules into smaller components rather than building them up. The second choice refers to the synthesis of short chain molecules, which does not encompass the broader concept of polymerization where long chains are formed. Lastly, the fourth choice pertains to separation techniques, which do not relate to the formation of new compounds through bonding processes. Thus, the definition accurately captures the essence of polymerization in the context of chemistry.